ETHEU 023269

quenouille

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023269
Nail distaff
France, Ariège, Vallée de Bethmale
19th century
Wood, brass, pigments
Acquired by Eugène Pittard from Jacques Bégouën in 1951
MEG Inv. ETHEU 023269
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La famille Bégouën, originaire de l’Ariège, compte parmi ses membre plusieurs folkloristes, dont Jacques Bégouën , qui a vendu quelques pièces à E. Pittard avant 1955. Mais ce sont surtout les travaux de son père, le comte Napoléon-Henri Begouën (1863- 1956) à être connus en Suisse. Correspondant de Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (1881-1955) et Émile Cartailha (1845 – 1921) ce professeur à l'Université de Toulouse est, avec ses enfants, le célèbre découvreur des Bisons d'Argile (Grotte des trois frères et Tuc d'Audoubert). Ses travaux sont, relayés par le journal des Musées de Genève, en avril 1951.

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Leading, directing and governing

For nineteenth-century peasantry, the hierarchy of living things stretched from earth to heaven, with human beings placed between domination and subordination. Power symbols were a reminder that the balance between prerogatives and duties began at home and from there extended to the locality and society as a whole. Managing a house, leading a flock or directing a meeting required technical skills, ritual knowledge and personal qualities.

The household

In traditional society, social maturity implied control of the family's material and symbolic resources. In addition to its agrarian or artisanal occupations, the domestic community took part in the housework. The tasks were not equally divided between men and women, even if the women ran the domestic economy and managed work inside the house and its outhouses. The distaff, used for spinning, is the attribute of the virtuous woman's authority and duties. Although it is no longer part of daily life, the distaff still conveys ancient symbolic values, which are found in folk tales and popular expressions.


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