ETHAF 031763

sculpture

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031763
Acol altar mask
Guinea
Baga, Nalu, Bulongic. Late 19th - early 20th century
Wood, nails, pigments, plant oil patina
Acquired from Marcel de Schrywer in Geneva in 1963
MEG Inv. ETHAF 031763
The altar masks of the Baga Nalu and the Bulongic of Guinea are kept altogether in the clan's "sacred house." They must not touch the ground and are regularly fed with palm wine and chewed kola nuts. Called acol, "medicine" in the Baga language, this composite sculpture plays various roles, in particular that of a powerful "anti-witchcraft" figure, dancing to drive out evil spirits.

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West Africa

Deprived of their costumes, adornments, torchlight and rhythmic movements, the "masks" are no longer what they were when they danced in their original context; in the museum they become mere fragments. But they escape from their dry ethnic classification to conjure up some of the great cults of sub-Saharan Africa which have existed alongside Islam since the eleventh century.

Initiation Societies and their Masks

In West Africa, as elsewhere on the African continent, masks and other sacred objects are used by initiation societies which communicate with the higher powers and exploit secret knowledge. In the course of rituals controlled by qualified officiants, these masks unleash and guide forces to influence social interaction between people, spirits and ancestors. The masks are sometimes powerful weapons in the fight against witchcraft.


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